Alumni

Dr. Nyasha Tirivayi

Thesis:
The Welfare Effects of Integrating AIDS Treatment with Food Transfers: Evidence from Zambia

Year: 2011

Promotor(s):
Wim Groot

Abstract:
The thesis evaluates the clinical and household outcomes from integrating AIDS treatment with household food aid rations. The dissertation systematically reviews available literature and highlights the current research gap in the evidence base, especially on the household outcomes of such programmes. The evaluation is carried out after 6 months of programme implementation using propensity score matching, double difference and instrumental variables techniques. Empirical findings from the evaluation are as follows: 1) Adding food transfers to Anti-retroviral Therapy (ART) improves adherence to medication but has no effect on the weight gain. 2) Although the food rations are inframarginal, they have large and positive effects on household consumption and food security, and this is even larger among the poorest households. 3) Food transfers are a labour supply incentive for male non-patient adults especially at low income levels while for females this is conditional on high income levels and the patient having spent a longer time on treatment. However, food transfers are a labour supply disincentive for patients. The main conclusion of the thesis is that food transfers generally have a beneficial impact on the recipients, while the findings have important implications on the targeting and weaning strategies of the programme.

Selected publications by Nyasha Tirivayi


Articles (journal, professional, popular)
Mesfin, Hiwot, Francesco Cecchi, Eleonora Nillesen & Nyasha Tirivayi (eds.), 2023, `Overconfidence, Trust, and Information-seeking among Smallholder Farmers: Experimental Evidence from Ethiopia, Economic Development and Cultural Change
Musizvingoza, Ronald, Nyasha Tirivayi, Frank Otchere & Francesca Viola, 2022, `Risk factors of adolescent exposure to violence in Burkina Faso, BMC Public Health, 22, More information
Iacoella, Francesco, Nyasha Tirivayi & Franziska Gassmann, 2022, `Impact of mobile phones on HIV public stigma: a cross-sectional and pseudo-panel analysis from Ghana, BMJ Open, 12, More information
Mesfin, Hiwot, Francesco Cecchi, Eleonora Nillesen & Nyasha Tirivayi, 2022, `The effect of siblings’ sex ratio on physical capital, human capital, and gendered time use among adolescents in Ethiopia, Economics and Human Biology, 47, More information
Iacoella, Francesco, Franziska Gassmann & Nyasha Tirivayi, 2022, `Which communication technology is effective for promoting reproductive health? Television, radio, and mobile phones in sub-Saharan Africa, PLOS One, Online, More information
Tesfaye, Wondimagegn, Garrick Blalock & Nyasha Tirivayi, 2021, `Climate-Smart Innovations and Rural Poverty in Ethiopia: Exploring Impacts and Pathways, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 103, More information
Iacoella, Francesco & Nyasha Tirivayi, 2020, `Child nutrition during conflict and displacement: evidence from areas affected by the Boko Haram insurgency in Nigeria, Public Health, 183, More information
Dietrich, Stephan, Daniele Malerba, Armando Barrientos, Franziska Gassmann, Pierre Mohnen & Nyasha Tirivayi, 2020, `Human capital returns to cash transfers in Uganda: does it matter in the long run?, Journal of Development Effectiveness, 12, More information
Haile, Kaleab, Eleonora Nillesen & Nyasha Tirivayi, 2020, `Impact of formal climate risk transfer mechanisms on risk-aversion: Empirical evidence from rural Ethiopia, World Development, 130, More information
Tesfaye, Wondimagegn & Nyasha Tirivayi, 2019, `Crop diversity, household welfare and consumption smoothing under risk: Evidence from rural Uganda, World Development, 125, More information
Iacoella, Francesco & Nyasha Tirivayi, 2019, `Determinants of maternal healthcare utilization among married adolescents: Evidence from 13 Sub-Saharan African countries, Public Health, Volume 177, More information
Haile, Kaleab, Nyasha Tirivayi & Wondimagegn Tesfaye, 2019, `Farmers’ willingness to accept payments for ecosystem services on agricultural land: The case of climate-smart agroforestry in Ethiopia, Ecosystem Services, 39, More information
Tesfaye, Wondimagegn & Nyasha Tirivayi, 2018, `The Impacts of Postharvest Storage Innovations on Food Security and Welfare in Ethiopia, Food Policy, 75, More information
Tirivayi, Nyasha, Louise Nennen, Wondimagegn Tesfaye & Qiang Ma, 2018, `The benefits of collective action: Exploring the role of forest producer organizations in social protection, Forest Policy and Economics, 90, More information
Tirivayi, Nyasha & Wim Groot, 2018, `Does integrating AIDS treatment with food assistance affect labor supply? Evidence from Zambia, Economics and Human Biology, 28, More information
Tirivayi, Nyasha & Wim Groot, 2017, `The Impact of Food Assistance on Dietary Diversity and Food Consumption among People Living with HIV/AIDS, AIDS and Behavior, 21, More information
Tirivayi, Nyasha, Marco Knowles & Benjamin Davis, 2016, `The interaction between social protection and agriculture: A review of evidence, Global Food Security, 10, More information
Tirivayi, Nyasha & John. R. Koethe, 2016, `The economic benefits of high CD4 counts among people living with HIV/AIDS in Zambia, Journal of Public Health, 38, More information
Tirivayi, Nyasha, 2016, `Widowhood and Access to Health Care: a Population Based Study in Uganda, Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 27, More information
Tirivayi, Nyasha, Henriette Maasen van den Brink & Wim Groot, 2014, `Group Incentives for Teachers and their Effect on Student Learning: A Systematic Review of Theory and Evidence, School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 25, More information
Posse, Mariana, Nyasha Tirivayi, Rob Baltussen & Unnati Saha, 2013, `The effect of Food Assistance on Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy among HIV/AIDS Patients in Sofala Province, in Mozambique: a retrospective study, Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research, 4, More information
Tirivayi, Nyasha, John R Koethe & Wim Groot, 2012, `Clinic-Based Food Assistance is Associated with Increased Medication Adherence among HIV-Infected Adults on Long-Term Antiretroviral Therapy in Zambia, Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research, 3, More information
Tirivayi, Nyasha & Wim Groot, 2011, `Health and welfare effects of integrating AIDS treatment with food assistance in resource constrained settings: a systematic review of theory and evidence, Social Science & Medicine, 73, More information


Books (monograph or edited volume)
Konte, Maty & Nyasha Tirivayi (eds.), 2020, Women and Sustainable Human Development:rnEmpowering Women in Africa, Palgrave Macmillan, Springer, Geneva, More information


UNU-MERIT Working Papers
Iacoella, Francesco & Nyasha Tirivayi, 2021, Mobile phones and HIV testing: Multi-country evidence from sub-Saharan Africa, UNU-MERIT Working Paper 2021-010
Haile, Kaleab, Nyasha Tirivayi & Eleonora Nillesen, 2019, Climate shocks, coping responses and gender gap in human development, UNU-MERIT Working Paper 2019-052
Dietrich, Stephan, Daniele Malerba, Armando Barrientos, Franziska Gassmann, Pierre Mohnen, Nyasha Tirivayi, Susan Kavuma & Fred Matovu, 2017, Social protection investments, human capital, and income growth: Simulating the returns to social cash transfers in Uganda, UNU-MERIT Working Paper 2017-029
Tesfaye, Wondimagegn & Nyasha Tirivayi, 2016, The effect of improved storage innovations on food security and welfare in Ethiopia, UNU-MERIT Working Paper 2016-063
Tequame, Miron & Nyasha Tirivayi, 2015, Higher education and fertility: Evidence from a natural experiment in Ethiopia, UNU-MERIT Working Paper 2015-019
Tirivayi, Nyasha & John R Koethe, 2015, HIV disease severity and employment outcomes in affected households in Zambia, UNU-MERIT Working Paper 2015-018
Nseluke, Mutinta Hambayi, Wim Groot & Nyasha Tirivayi, 2015, The effect of supplementation with locally available foods on stunting. A review of theory and evidence, UNU-MERIT Working Paper 2015-002
Tirivayi, Nyasha, 2014, Widowhood and barriers to seeking health care in Uganda, UNU-MERIT Working Paper 2014-067
Tirivayi, Nyasha, Henriette Maasen van den Brink & Wim Groot, 2014, Size and economies of scale in higher education and the implications for mergers, UNU-MERIT Working Paper 2014-066
Tirivayi, Nyasha & Wim Groot, 2014, The impact of food transfers for people living with HIV/AIDS: Evidence from Zambia, UNU-MERIT Working Paper 2014-065
Tirivayi, Nyasha, 2014, Giving in South Africa: Determining the influence of altruism, inequality aversion and social capital, UNU-MERIT Working Paper 2014-064


MGSoG Working Papers
Tirivayi, Nyasha & Wim Groot, 2010, In kind transfers, Household spending behaviour and consumption responses in HIV-affected households: Evidence from Zambia, MGSoG Working Paper 2010-009
Tirivayi, Nyasha, J. Koethe & Wim Groot, 2010, Food assistance and its effect on the weight and antiretroviral therapy adherence of HIV infected adults evidence from Zambia, MGSoG Working Paper 2010-006
Tirivayi, Nyasha & Wim Groot, 2009, The welfare effects of integrating HIV/AIDS. Treatment with cash or in kind transfers, MGSoG Working Paper 2009-007


External working papers
Haile, Kaleab, Eleonora Nillesen & Nyasha Tirivayi, 2019, Impact of Formal Climate Risk Transfer Mechanisms on Risk-Aversion: Empirical Evidence from Rural Ethiopia, More information


Research reports
Dietrich, S., Franziska Gassmann, Aline Meysonnat, Georg Schmerzeck, Eszter Timar & Nyasha Tirivayi, 2019, Linking Social Protection to Improved Productivity: the Investment Case for Cash-Plus Programs in Kenya, Report commissioned by WFP Kenya and Government of Kenya, More information
Tirivayi, Nyasha, Prosper Matondi, Sonila Tomini, Wondimagegn Tesfaye, Sheila Chikulo & Claudia van den Berg Morelli, 2016, Humanitarian Assistance through Mobile Cash Transfers: Evaluation of the Emergency Cash-First Response to food security in drought-affected communities in Southern Zimbabwe through a mobile cash transfer project, Commissioned by CARE International and DFID in Zimbabwe, More information
Gassmann, Franziska, Nyasha Tirivayi, Stephan Dietrich & Hanna Röth, 2016, Estimation of Rates of Return (ROR) on Social Protection Investments in Lesotho, This report was written on behalf of UNICEF Lesotho (LRPS-KMA-2015-9118790) as part of a project funded by the European Union with technical support provided by UNICEF and implemented under the guidance of the Ministry of Social Development, 66, More information


Theses
Tirivayi, Nyasha, 2011, The Welfare Effects of Integrating AIDS Treatment with Food Transfers: Evidence from Zambia, MGSoG Dissertation Series, More information


Briefs
Tirivayi, Nyasha, Omar Rodriguez, Qiang Ma & Thais Juvenal, 2017, Social Protection for Forest Dependent Communities, This policy brief was developed as a collaboration between FAO and UNU-MERIT, More information
Tirivayi, Nyasha, Wondimagegn Tesfaye, Sonila Tomini, Cristy Mclennan, David Rinnert & Mira Gratier, 2016, Emergency Cash-First Response to Drought-Affected Communities in the Southern Provinces of Zimbabwe – Impact Evaluation Findings , Brief is based on the evaluation report titled Humanitarian Assistance through Mobile Cash Transfers: Evaluation of the Emergency Cash-First Response to food security in drought-affected communities in Southern Zimbabwe through a mobile cash transfer project, More information

UNU-MERIT