The team used twisted beams of light to transmit data at 2.56 terabits per second. The researchers achieved this by using beam-twisting 'phase holograms' to manipulate eight beams of light. A phased hologram refracts light by means of different thicknesses of a transparent substance.

As part of the experiment the researchers twisted each of the beams into a DNA-like helical shape and propagated them in free space. Their demonstration transmitted data over open space in a lab, by attempting to simulate communications between satellites in space.

The work could potentially be used in the building of high-speed satellite communication links and short free-space terrestrial links. Further research could lead to ways the finding could be adapted for use in fibre-optic cables that transmit much of the internet's information.